* feat!: drop support for Python 3.8
The minimum supported version is now Python 3.9. pybind11 v3.0 was the last
release that supports Python 3.8. The deprecation note said that support goes
away in 3.1.
Remove the code paths that this makes dead:
- the `_PyObject_Vectorcall` fallback in `cast.h`
- the `frame->f_code` and `frame->f_back` fallbacks in `pytypes.h`
- the `PyFrame_FastToLocals` path in `get_type_override`
- the conditional `Py_VISIT(Py_TYPE(self))` in `tp_traverse`
- `PYBIND11_PYCONFIG_SUPPORT_PY_VERSION_HEX`, the pre-PyConfig interpreter
init, and the `widen_chars` helpers in `embed.h`
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* ci(appveyor): use Python 3.9
The AppVeyor job set `PYTHON: 38`, which makes the path `C:\Python38`.
The image gives Python 3.9.13 as `C:\Python39`.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* feat!: require MSVC 2019 or newer
Python 3.9 is the new minimum, so MSVC 2017 is no longer needed. Raise the
compile-time floor to _MSC_VER 1920 and remove the workarounds that only
applied below it: std::launder, fold expressions, weak_from_this, aligned
new/delete, the C4100 warning helper, and the func_handle syntax error.
AppVeyor now builds with Visual Studio 2019.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): build against the Python that has the test packages
CMake 4 has no FindPythonLibs, so pybind11 uses FindPython. FindPython reads
the registry before PATH and selected `C:\Python314-x64`, but the test packages
go into the Python on PATH. Pass `Python_ROOT_DIR` to name the correct one.
Also set `CMAKE_ARCH`. It was never set, so the architecture came from the
generator. Visual Studio 2017 defaults to Win32, but Visual Studio 2019
defaults to x64, which made this x86 job build 64-bit code.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): give the linker Python's libs directory
The build compiled but failed to link with LNK1104 on a bare `python39.lib`.
That name comes from the `#pragma comment(lib, ...)` in pyconfig.h, so the
linker needs the directory. CMake 4 has no FindPythonLibs, and FindPython does
not add it for this Debug x86 build. Put it on LIB instead.
The directory listing is temporary, to confirm the library is present.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): link the release Python library in Debug
The image ships python39_d.lib next to python39.lib, so FindPython picks the
debug import library for a Debug build. pybind11 undefines _DEBUG around
Python.h, so pyconfig.h asks for python39.lib instead and the link failed with
LNK1104. Name the release library for the debug slot.
Setting LIB does not work, because MSBuild replaces it from the toolset, and it
would link both import libraries.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* chore(appveyor): print link settings to debug LNK1104
Revert the two attempted fixes. Neither changed the failure: setting LIB does
not survive MSBuild, and naming the release library for Python_LIBRARY_DEBUG
had no effect.
Print the Python cache entries and the link settings of a generated project
file instead, to see what the linker really gets. Temporary.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): take the release Python library in Debug
The generated project file linked C:\Python39\libs\python39_d.lib in the Debug
configuration, because the image ships debug binaries next to the release ones.
pybind11 undefines _DEBUG around Python.h, so pyconfig.h asks for python39.lib
in a #pragma comment(lib), which nothing on the link line satisfies and no
library directory holds. Map Debug to the release artifacts.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* chore(appveyor): drop the temporary link diagnostic
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(tests): guard the unraisable warning filter for pytest < 6
The distro pytest in the Clang and GCC Docker jobs has no
PytestUnraisableExceptionWarning, so an unconditional filterwarnings
mark makes pytest fail with an INTERNALERROR after the tests pass.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01Aimf6HuSz1vLRwBnbxmCTc
* docs: address review items on version hints, embed docs, and a PyPy xfail
Extend Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS through 3.15, describe the PyConfig
behavior of initialize_interpreter, and drop the stale Python 3.8 wording
from the PyPy xfail reason.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* Update README.rst
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgkio@gmail.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgkio@gmail.com>
* feat: small command line helpers for quick tests
Add --cflags, --ldflags, --embed, and --file to the pybind11 command
line tool, based on python-config. This makes quick one-off compiles
easy:
c++ $(python3 -m pybind11 --file=example.cpp)
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5
* refactor: quote paths, clarify CLI output logic, strengthen tests
- Quote include and library dirs in get_cflags/get_ldflags so paths with
spaces work, sharing one quote helper in commands.py
- Restructure the --file/--cflags/--ldflags printing into a single print
- Note the Unix-compiler orientation in help text and docs
- Test -L presence for --embed and quoting of paths with spaces
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5
* refactor: simplify flag helpers and keep import pybind11 light
- Replace _get_config_var(name, fmt, quote) with a plain _config(name)
string helper; formatting and quoting happen at the call sites
- Defer sysconfig/shlex imports so import pybind11 does not pay for the
CLI (~1ms -> ~0.08ms for pybind11.commands)
- Fetch EXT_SUFFIX once in main()
- Import commands normally in the quoting test instead of importlib
file loading
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5
* fix: shared-library flags on all Unix platforms
The --file/--ldflags output only added -shared and -fPIC on Linux, so
other Unix platforms (FreeBSD, Solaris, AIX) linked an executable and
failed on the missing main. Gate on os.name instead.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* doc: add litgen to the automatic generators list (compiling.rst)
Added this:
[litgen]_ is an automatic python bindings generator with a focus on generating
documented and discoverable bindings: bindings will nicely reproduce the documentation
found in headers. It is is based on srcML (srcml.org), a highly scalable, multi-language
parsing tool with a developer centric approach. The API that you want to expose to python
must be C++14 compatible (but your implementation can use more modern constructs).
.. [litgen] https://pthom.github.io/litgen
* style: pre-commit fixes
---------
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
* Upgrade maximum supported CMake version to 3.27 to fix warning with CMP0148 policy (#4785)
* Update `macos_brew_install_llvm` pipeline to use expected Python installation
* Fix `Python_EXECUTABLE` Cmake variable typo
* Apply suggestions from code review
* fix: use FindPython for CMake 3.18+ by default for pybind11's tests
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* tests: fix issues with finding Python
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* tests: also set executable on subdir tests
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* fix(cmake): correct logic for FindPython
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Update ci.yml
* Revert "Update ci.yml"
This reverts commit 33798adf3f.
---------
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com>
* docs: Remove upper bound on pybind11 in example pyproject.toml for setuptools
* Update docs/compiling.rst
---------
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com>
* chore: drop Python 3.5 support
* chore: more fstrings with flynt's help
* ci: drop Python 3.5
* chore: bump dependency versions
* docs: touch up py::args
* tests: remove deprecation warning
* Ban smartquotes
* Very minor tweaks (by-product of reviewing PR #3719).
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgk@google.com>
* `#error BYE_BYE_GOLDEN_SNAKE`
* Removing everything related to 2.7 from ci.yml
* Commenting-out Centos7
* Removing `PYTHON: 27` from .appveyor.yml
* "PY2" removal, mainly from tests. C++ code is not touched.
* Systematic removal of `u` prefix from `u"..."` and `u'...'` literals. Collateral cleanup of a couple minor other things.
* Cleaning up around case-insensitive hits for `[^a-z]py.*2` in tests/.
* Removing obsolete Python 2 mention in compiling.rst
* Proper `#error` for Python 2.
* Using PY_VERSION_HEX to guard `#error "PYTHON 2 IS NO LONGER SUPPORTED.`
* chore: bump pre-commit
* style: run pre-commit for pyupgrade 3+
* tests: use sys.version_info, not PY
* chore: more Python 2 removal
* Uncommenting Centos7 block (PR #3691 showed that it is working again).
* Update pre-commit hooks
* Fix pre-commit hook
* refactor: remove Python 2 from CMake
* refactor: remove Python 2 from setup code
* refactor: simplify, better static typing
* feat: fail with nice messages
* refactor: drop Python 2 C++ code
* docs: cleanup for Python 3
* revert: intree
revert: intree
* docs: minor touchup to py2 statement
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
For single-file extensions, a convenient pattern offered by cython
is to place the source files directly in the python source tree
(`foo/__init__.py`, `foo/ext.pyx`), deriving the package names from
their filesystem location. Adapt this pattern for pybind11, using an
`intree_extensions` helper, which should be thought of as the moral
equivalent to `cythonize`.
Differences with cythonize: I chose not to include globbing support
(`intree_extensions(glob.glob("**/*.cpp"))` seems sufficient), nor to
provide extension-customization kwargs (directly setting the attributes
on the resulting Pybind11Extension objects seems sufficient).
We could choose to have `intree_extension` (singular instead) and make
users write `[*map(intree_extension, glob.glob("**/*.cpp"))]`; no strong
opinion here.
Co-authored-by: Aaron Gokaslan <skylion.aaron@gmail.com>
* docs: mention PYTHONPATH in installing.rst
When pybind11 is included as a submodule, the user needs to update their
Python module search path. Otherwise, the first c++ compilation command
in docs/basics.rst will fail.
* docs: add a note about compiling the example
This note shows how to modify the compilation command for the example
when the pybind11 source has been included as a Git submodule.
* docs: add a note about compiling the example
Added an internal link to the docs
* docs: updated a note about compiling the example
Also updated the command substitution syntax for consistency
* feat: lazy compile
* refactor: lazy -> only_changed
* refactor: leave the changed function up to the user
* refactor: pass a function, based on @YannickJadoul and @HDembinski's suggestions
* refactor: old -> _old, as it's not intended for users
* docs: slight improvmenent from @rwgk
* docs: Ccache spelling, extra warning about pip caching
Ccache spelling noted by @YannickJadoul
* feat: setup.py redesign and helpers
* refactor: simpler design with two outputs
* refactor: helper file update and Windows support
* fix: review points from @YannickJadoul
* refactor: fixes to naming and more docs
* feat: more customization points
* feat: add entry point pybind11-config
* refactor: Try Extension-focused method
* refactor: rename alt/inplace to global
* fix: allow usage with git modules, better docs
* feat: global as an extra (@YannickJadoul's suggestion)
* feat: single version location
* fix: remove the requirement that setuptools must be imported first
* fix: some review points from @wjacob
* fix: use .in, add procedure to docs
* refactor: avoid monkeypatch copy
* docs: minor typos corrected
* fix: minor points from @YannickJadoul
* fix: typo on Windows C++ mode
* fix: MSVC 15 update 3+ have c++14 flag
See <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/std-specify-language-standard-version?view=vs-2019>
* docs: discuss making SDists by hand
* ci: use pep517.build instead of manual setup.py
* refactor: more comments from @YannickJadoul
* docs: updates from @ktbarrett
* fix: change to newly recommended tool instead of pep517.build
This was intended as a proof of concept; build seems to be the correct replacement.
See https://github.com/pypa/pep517/pull/83
* docs: updates from @wjakob
* refactor: dual version locations
* docs: typo spotted by @wjakob
pybind11 headers passed via the `pybind11_add_module` CMake
function can now be included as `SYSTEM` includes (`-isystem`).
This allows to set stricter (or experimental) warnings in
calling projects that might throw otherwise in headers
a user of pybind11 can not influence.
* Doxygen needs `RECURSIVE = YES` in order to parse the `detail` subdir.
* The `-W` warnings-as-errors option for sphinx doesn't work with the
makefile build. Switched to calling sphinx directly.
* Fix "citation [cppimport] is not referenced" warning.
