Python_add_library() hard-links non-MODULE libraries against
Python::Python. On macOS with a statically linked interpreter (e.g.
uv / python-build-standalone), importing such a module loads a second,
uninitialized copy of the Python runtime and aborts with a fatal
PyInterpreterState_Get error. Bypass python_add_library for SHARED and
link pybind11::module instead of pybind11::embed, matching the classic
pybind11Tools.cmake behavior.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5
* chore(deps): update pre-commit hooks
updates:
- [github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format: v22.1.5 → v22.1.8](https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format/compare/v22.1.5...v22.1.8)
- [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.15.20 → v0.16.1](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.15.20...v0.16.1)
- [github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy: v2.1.0 → v2.3.0](https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy/compare/v2.1.0...v2.3.0)
- [github.com/codespell-project/codespell: v2.4.2 → v2.4.3](https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell/compare/v2.4.2...v2.4.3)
* style: pre-commit fixes
* fix: adapt to the ruff 0.16 default rule set
The hook update pulled in ruff 0.16, which expanded its default rules and
autofixed `self: S -> S` to `-> Self`. That fix added a runtime
`typing_extensions` import to setup_helpers.py, which must stay
dependency-free; it broke every test job whose environment does not supply
that package. The import is now guarded by TYPE_CHECKING.
Also replace the `exec` in docs/conf.py with an importlib module load,
parenthesize implicit string concatenations in list literals, mark unused
unpacked variables with a leading underscore, and make noxfile.py
executable to match its shebang.
The remaining new rules are silenced per-file, with reasons: the chrono
tests check naive local time on purpose, and the other rules conflict with
how the tests are written.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
---------
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryfs@princeton.edu>
* feat!: drop support for Python 3.8
The minimum supported version is now Python 3.9. pybind11 v3.0 was the last
release that supports Python 3.8. The deprecation note said that support goes
away in 3.1.
Remove the code paths that this makes dead:
- the `_PyObject_Vectorcall` fallback in `cast.h`
- the `frame->f_code` and `frame->f_back` fallbacks in `pytypes.h`
- the `PyFrame_FastToLocals` path in `get_type_override`
- the conditional `Py_VISIT(Py_TYPE(self))` in `tp_traverse`
- `PYBIND11_PYCONFIG_SUPPORT_PY_VERSION_HEX`, the pre-PyConfig interpreter
init, and the `widen_chars` helpers in `embed.h`
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* ci(appveyor): use Python 3.9
The AppVeyor job set `PYTHON: 38`, which makes the path `C:\Python38`.
The image gives Python 3.9.13 as `C:\Python39`.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* feat!: require MSVC 2019 or newer
Python 3.9 is the new minimum, so MSVC 2017 is no longer needed. Raise the
compile-time floor to _MSC_VER 1920 and remove the workarounds that only
applied below it: std::launder, fold expressions, weak_from_this, aligned
new/delete, the C4100 warning helper, and the func_handle syntax error.
AppVeyor now builds with Visual Studio 2019.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): build against the Python that has the test packages
CMake 4 has no FindPythonLibs, so pybind11 uses FindPython. FindPython reads
the registry before PATH and selected `C:\Python314-x64`, but the test packages
go into the Python on PATH. Pass `Python_ROOT_DIR` to name the correct one.
Also set `CMAKE_ARCH`. It was never set, so the architecture came from the
generator. Visual Studio 2017 defaults to Win32, but Visual Studio 2019
defaults to x64, which made this x86 job build 64-bit code.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): give the linker Python's libs directory
The build compiled but failed to link with LNK1104 on a bare `python39.lib`.
That name comes from the `#pragma comment(lib, ...)` in pyconfig.h, so the
linker needs the directory. CMake 4 has no FindPythonLibs, and FindPython does
not add it for this Debug x86 build. Put it on LIB instead.
The directory listing is temporary, to confirm the library is present.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): link the release Python library in Debug
The image ships python39_d.lib next to python39.lib, so FindPython picks the
debug import library for a Debug build. pybind11 undefines _DEBUG around
Python.h, so pyconfig.h asks for python39.lib instead and the link failed with
LNK1104. Name the release library for the debug slot.
Setting LIB does not work, because MSBuild replaces it from the toolset, and it
would link both import libraries.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* chore(appveyor): print link settings to debug LNK1104
Revert the two attempted fixes. Neither changed the failure: setting LIB does
not survive MSBuild, and naming the release library for Python_LIBRARY_DEBUG
had no effect.
Print the Python cache entries and the link settings of a generated project
file instead, to see what the linker really gets. Temporary.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(appveyor): take the release Python library in Debug
The generated project file linked C:\Python39\libs\python39_d.lib in the Debug
configuration, because the image ships debug binaries next to the release ones.
pybind11 undefines _DEBUG around Python.h, so pyconfig.h asks for python39.lib
in a #pragma comment(lib), which nothing on the link line satisfies and no
library directory holds. Map Debug to the release artifacts.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* chore(appveyor): drop the temporary link diagnostic
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* fix(tests): guard the unraisable warning filter for pytest < 6
The distro pytest in the Clang and GCC Docker jobs has no
PytestUnraisableExceptionWarning, so an unconditional filterwarnings
mark makes pytest fail with an INTERNALERROR after the tests pass.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01Aimf6HuSz1vLRwBnbxmCTc
* docs: address review items on version hints, embed docs, and a PyPy xfail
Extend Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS through 3.15, describe the PyConfig
behavior of initialize_interpreter, and drop the stale Python 3.8 wording
from the PyPy xfail reason.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
* Update README.rst
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgkio@gmail.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: Ralf W. Grosse-Kunstleve <rwgkio@gmail.com>
* fix(cmake): respect explicit PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING under CMP0190
PR #5829 added `AND NOT DEFINED CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR` to the
condition setting `_PYBIND11_CROSSCOMPILING`. That gate was meant to only
control the auto-default of `PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING`, but it ended up
overriding a value the project set explicitly. Emscripten/Pyodide defines
`CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING_EMULATOR` (node) yet still wants cross-compiling
mode, so the flag was forced OFF and the build failed with a spurious
"Cannot run the interpreter" / pointer-size mismatch.
Move the emulator check up so it only guards the auto-default, and never
override an explicitly set `PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING`.
Fixes#6043
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-4.8
* fix(cmake): keep CMP0190 auto-default in add_subdirectory builds
The previous commit's `NOT DEFINED PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING` guard
broke the intended auto-default for top-level / add_subdirectory builds:
CMakeLists.txt runs `option(PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING ... OFF)` before
including pybind11Common.cmake, so the variable is already defined (OFF)
and the CMP0190 default never applied.
Capture, before the option() call, whether the project set the value
itself, and let pybind11Common.cmake apply its default unless the value
was set explicitly. This keeps both the emulator override fix and the
CMP0190 auto-default for subdirectory consumers.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-4.8
GCC on macOS has no linker plugin, so `-fno-fat-lto-objects` makes every
LTO probe fail and LTO is silently disabled. Plain `-flto=auto` works.
Fixes#6060
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-opus-5
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_013JABmnjt9oAh29p1pytAB3
When the Python executable changes between CMake runs,
PYTHON_MODULE_DEBUG_POSTFIX was not being unset alongside PYTHON_IS_DEBUG
and PYTHON_MODULE_EXTENSION, allowing a stale postfix to survive interpreter
changes.
In the USE_PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR block, the elseif branch checked
PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR (singular) but expanded PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIRS (plural),
always silently resolving to an empty string. Correct it to expand
${PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR}. Also add a Python3_INCLUDE_DIRS branch so the
option works when pybind11NewTools resolves Python via the Python3
find-package component.
Assisted-by: ClaudeCode:claude-fable-5
* Squashed prepv300/manuscript — 30b9c268aeb98308ea42aaccfd5fe454e173c6fc — 2025-03-30 14:56:03 -0700 [skip ci]
[Browse prepv300/manuscript tree](https://github.com/rwgk/pybind11/tree/30b9c268aeb98308ea42aaccfd5fe454e173c6fc)
[Browse prepv300/manuscript commits](https://github.com/rwgk/pybind11/commits/30b9c268aeb98308ea42aaccfd5fe454e173c6fc/)
* docs: update changelog
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* docs: upgrade guide CMake suggestions
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Explain type_caster_enum_type_enabled, copyable_holder_caster_shared_ptr_with_smart_holder_support_enabled, move_only_holder_caster_unique_ptr_with_smart_holder_support_enabled in Upgrade guide.
* Add a small section for py::bind_vector, py::bind_map & py::smart_holder
* Fix tiny oversight: Reference back to the current release v2.13 (not v2.12)
* Remove sentence: Using self._pybind11_conduit_v1_() ... should keep extension compatibility.
This isn't true, because we also modernized `PYBIND11_PLATFORM_ABI_ID`
(which I believe was absolutely necessary). I think it'll be too complicated
to explain that here, and there is a mention in the Upgrade guide.
* Changelog: combine #4953 and #5439
* Trivial whitespace/formatting fixes/enhancements.
* chore: add more to deprecation page
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* docs: update for recent additions
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* docs: fixes and set rc1 version
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* fix: support rc versions
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Undo erroneous copilot change: We need to use `detail::enable_if_t`, for compatibility with C++11 and C++14.
* Empty lines cleanup.
* Rewording of "CMake support now defaults to ..." paragraph.
* Add missing backticks in upgrade guide.
* Try :ref:deprecated instead of :doc:deprecated
* docs: last bit of polish
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Piggy-back trivial whitespace cleanup that was missed in PR #5669
---------
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Factor out pybind11/compat/wrap_include_python_h.h
* Fixes to resolve tests_packaging failures.
* Factor out pybind11/compat/pybind11_platform_abi_id.h
* Add pybind11/compat/README.txt and a couple source code comments.
* Minor changes to comments.
* Factor out pybind11/compat/pybind11_conduit_v1.h
* Add long comment to pybind11/compat/pybind11_conduit_v1.h
* Add pybind11/compat/README.txt to wheels.
* Add `-fno-exceptions` to compiler options for exo_planet_c_api
* 1. Move `target_compile_options()` into loop over test targets, in case the `"exo_planet_c_api"` target does not exist. 2. Add `-fno-exceptions` option also for `NVHPC`. 3. Also check for `__cpp_exceptions` in exo_planet_c_api.cpp.
* 1. Fix accident (forgot to undo temporary change). 2. Special-case __EMSCRIPTEN__ in exo_planet_c_api.cpp
* Give up on compiling exo_planet_c_api.cpp with MSVC `/EHs-c-`:
There was one trouble maker (all other jobs worked):
Visual Studio 15 2017:
```
cl : Command line warning D9025: overriding '/EHc' with '/EHc-' [C:\projects\pybind11\tests\exo_planet_c_api.vcxproj]
...
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.16.27023\include\xlocale(319): error C2220: warning treated as error - no 'object' file generated [C:\projects\pybind11\tests\exo_planet_c_api.vcxproj]
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.16.27023\include\xlocale(319): warning C4530: C++ exception handler used, but unwind semantics are not enabled. Specify /EHsc
```
* Move pybind11/compat to pybind11/conduit as suggested by @henryiii:
https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/5375#pullrequestreview-2329006001
* fix(cmake): do not use Python::Interpreter when cross-compiling
* chore: apply cmake-format to pybind11NewTools.cmake
* fix(cmake): do not look for Python Interpreter component when cross-compiling
* feat(cmake): guess Python extension suffix
* fix: add pybind11GuessPythonExtSuffix.cmake to packaging test
* Use PYBIND11_CROSSCOMPILING instead of CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING
* refactor: require PYBIND11_USE_CROSSCOMPILING
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
---------
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Upgrade maximum supported CMake version to 3.27 to fix warning with CMP0148 policy (#4785)
* Update `macos_brew_install_llvm` pipeline to use expected Python installation
* Fix `Python_EXECUTABLE` Cmake variable typo
* Apply suggestions from code review
* fix: use FindPython for CMake 3.18+ by default for pybind11's tests
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* tests: fix issues with finding Python
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* tests: also set executable on subdir tests
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* fix(cmake): correct logic for FindPython
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Update ci.yml
* Revert "Update ci.yml"
This reverts commit 33798adf3f.
---------
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Henry Schreiner <HenrySchreinerIII@gmail.com>
* fix(cmake): findpython issues and 3.12 support for pybind11_find_import
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
* Update pybind11NewTools.cmake
---------
Signed-off-by: Henry Schreiner <henryschreineriii@gmail.com>
Henry Schreiner